While structural priming has been a cornerstone of psycholinguistic research, its broader utility as a methodological tool for investigating linguistic representations across diverse domains remains underexplored. This talk presents a comprehensive overview of how structural priming extends far beyond its traditional role in demonstrating syntactic persistence. I will demonstrate how this experimental paradigm serves as a powerful probe for understanding multiple facets of language processing and representation. The talk will cover five key applications: First, I examine how structural priming illuminates the architecture of syntactic representations and real-time comprehension mechanisms. Second, I discuss its role in revealing the cognitive processes underlying grammatical encoding during language production. Third, I explore how priming effects can map the interconnections within our mental lexicon. Fourth, I show how structural priming provides empirical arbitration for competing syntactic analyses in theoretical linguistics. Finally, I present emerging work using structural priming to investigate linguistic representations in large language models, bridging psycholinguistics and computational approaches. Through these diverse applications, I argue that structural priming offers unique methodological advantages for developing empirically-grounded theories of linguistic representation.